1.How long after a African country is declared independent will a conflict or a civil war start.
2.What is the basic reason for this wars.




The Algerian Civil War was an armed conflict between the Algerian
government and various Islamist rebel groups which began in 1991. It is estimated to have cost between 150,000 and 200,000 lives. More than 70 journalists were assassinated, either by security forces or by Islamists[4] The conflict effectively ended with a government victory, following the surrender of the Islamic Salvation Army and the 2002 defeat of the Armed Islamic Group. However, low-level fighting still continues in some areas.

The Angolan Civil War began when Angola won its war for independence in 1975 with the Communist MPLA fighting the anti-Communist UNITA. FLEC, an association of separatist militant groups, fought for the independence of Cabinda from 1975 until the mid-2000s. Formally brought to an end in 2002, an estimated 500,000 people were killed in the 27-year long war.[2]

The Burundi Civil War (1993-2006) is driven by ethnic rivalries between Hutu and Tutsi 'tribal' factions of Burundi. Rivalry escalated into a bloody power struggle following the presidential election of June 1993. The swearing in of Pierre Nkurunziza as president in August 2005 was seen as a formal endpoint to the conflict, but one major rebel group remained outside the peace process. Over 300,000 people perished in the war.

Chadian Civil War (1979-1982))
The Transitional Government of National Unity (Gouvernement d'Union Nationale de Transition or GUNT) was the coalition government of armed groups that nominally ruled Chad from 1979 to 1982, during the most chaotic phase of the long-going civil war that began in 1965. The GUNT replaced the fragile Malloum-Habré alliance, collapsed in February 1979, but was characterized by intense rivalries that brought to armed confrontations and the Libyan intervention in 1980 in support of the GUNT's President Goukouni Oueddei against the former GUNT Defence Minister Hissène Habré.

The Second Chadian Civil War)
current War in Chad began in December 2005. The conflict grew to involve troops from Chad, and rebel groups. These include the United Front for Democratic Change, Janjaweed, and the Alliance of Revolutionary Forces of West Sudan. The conflict has also involved Sudan which allegedly supports the rebels, while Libya has mediated the conflict, as well as diplomats from other countries.

Congo (Brazzaville) Civil War)
The Republic of the Congo Civil War, from June 1997 to December 1999, was fought between partisans of two presidential candidates, which ended in an invasion of Angolan forces

The Congo Crisis (1960-1965) was a period of turmoil in the First Republic of the Congo that began with national independence from Belgium and ended with the seizing of power by Joseph Mobutu. At various points it had the characteristics of anti-colonial struggle, a secessionist war with the province of Katanga, a United Nations peacekeeping operation, and a Cold War proxy battle between the United States and the Soviet Union. In recognition of the failure of the word "crisis" to convey this complexity, some authors[attribution needed] write Congo "Crisis" or "Congo Crisis". Because of it, The Crisis led to the assassination of Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba, as well as a traumatic setback to the United Nations following the death of UN Secretary General Dag Hammarskjöld in a plane crash as he sought to mediate.

The independent Republic of the Congo was declared on 30 June 1960, with Joseph Kasa-Vubu as President and Patrice Lumumba as Prime Minister. It shared a name with the neighboring Republic of the Congo to the west, a French colony that also gained independence in 1960, and the two were normally differentiated by also stating the name of the relevant capital city, so Congo (Léopoldville) versus Congo (Brazzaville).

The First Congo War (1996 to 1997) ended when Zairean President Mobutu Sésé Seko was overthrown by rebel forces backed by foreign powers such as Uganda and Rwanda. Rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila declared himself president and changed the name of the nation back to Democratic Republic of the Congo. The war set the foundation for, and was quickly followed by, the Second Congo War, which began on August 2, 1998.


The Second Congo War, also known as Africa's World War[1] and the Great War of Africa, began in 1998 and though it officially ended in 2003 when the Transitional Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo took power, its aftershocks continue to threaten a third war. The largest war in modern African history, one of the deadliest conflicts since World War II, it directly involved eight African nations, as well as about 25 armed groups. 3.8 million people died, mostly from starvation and disease. Millions more were displaced from their homes or sought asylum in neighboring countries.[2]

Despite a formal end to the war in July 2003 and an agreement by the former belligerents to create a government of national unity, 1,000 people died daily in 2004 from easily preventable cases of malnutrition and disease.[3] A U.N. human rights expert reported in July 2007 that sexual atrocities against Congolese women go 'far beyond rape' and include sexual slavery, forced incest, and cannibalism.[4]

The Ivorian Civil War was a civil war in Côte d'Ivoire that began on September 19, 2002. Although most of the fighting ended by late 2004, the country remains split in two, with a rebel-held north and a government-held south. French troops were brought into Côte d'Ivoire to help resolve the situation. Hostility increased and raids on foreign troops and civilians rose. As of 2006, the region is tense, and many have said that the United Nations and the French military have failed to calm the civil war. The United Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire began after the civil war calmed down, but the peacekeepers have faced a complicated situation and are outnumbered by civilians and rebels. A peace agreement to end the conflict was signed in March 2007, which could lead to the holding of elections and the reunification of the country.

The Djiboutian Civil War (also known as the Afar Insurgency) was a conflict in Djibouti between the People's Rally for Progress (RPP) government (predominantly Ciise in ethnicity) and the predominantly Afar rebel group, the Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy (FRUD). This civil war broke out in 1991 as a reaction to the lack of Afar presence in the government (despite being the second largest ethnic group in Djibouti at 35%, behind Somali clans like the Ciise who comprise about 60%). FRUD signed a peace accord with the government in December 1994, ending the conflict. Two FRUD members were made cabinet members, and in the presidential elections of 1999 the FRUD campaigned in support of the RPP.

the Eritrean War of Independence (1961-09-01 - 1991-05-29) was a conflict fought between the Ethiopian government and Eritrean separatists, both before and during the Ethiopian Civil War.The war went on for 30 years until 1991 when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), having defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea, took control of the country. In April 1993, in a referendum supported by Ethiopia, the Eritrean people voted almost unanimously in favour of independence. Formal international recognition of an independent and sovereign Eritrea followed later the same year.The two main rebel groups fought two Eritrean civil wars during the war of liberation.

The Ethiopian Civil War (1974-1991)[2] began on September 12, 1974 when the Marxist Derg staged a coup d'état against Emperor Haile Selassie, and lasted until the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), a coalition of rebel groups, overthrew the government in 1991.The war overlapped other Cold War conflicts in Africa, such as the Angolan Civil War (1975-2002).

To reply to your question, the short version is to read the thread just below this one. I took a lot of time to paint the picture contained therein, read it and please make comments about it there. I called the thread African history.